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・ Parnassius honrathi
・ Parnassius huberi
・ Parnassius imperator
・ Parnassius inopinatus
・ Parnassius jacobsoni
・ Parnassius jacquemontii
・ Parnassius kiritshenkoi
・ Parnassius labeyriei
・ Parnassius loxias
・ Parnassius maharaja
・ Parnassius maximinus
・ Parnassius nandadevinensis
・ Parnassius nomion
・ Parnassius nordmanni
・ Parnassius nosei
Parnassius orleans
・ Parnassius patricius
・ Parnassius phoebus
・ Parnassius przewalskii
・ Parnassius schultei
・ Parnassius simo
・ Parnassius simonius
・ Parnassius smintheus
・ Parnassius staudingeri
・ Parnassius staudingeri hunza
・ Parnassius stenosemus
・ Parnassius stoliczkanus
・ Parnassius stubbendorfi
・ Parnassius széchenyii
・ Parnassius tenedius


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Parnassius orleans : ウィキペディア英語版
Parnassius orleans

''Parnassius orleans'' is a high altitude butterfly which is found in Mongolia Western China and Tibet It is a member of the Snow Apollo genus ''Parnassius'' of the Swallowtail (Papilionidae) family. It was named after Prince Henri of Orleans who discovered it.
Note. The wing pattern in ''Parnassius'' species is inconsistent and the very many subspecies and forms make identification problematic and uncertain. Structural characters derived from the genitalia, wing venation, sphragis and foretibial epiphysis are more, but not entirely reliable. The description given here is a guide only.For an identification key see Ackery P.R. (1975〔Ackery P.R. (1975) A guide to the genera and species of Parnassiinae (Lepidoptera:Papilionidae). ''Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist.'' (Ent.) 31, 4 (pdf )〕
==Description==
Ground-colour with a feeble yellow tint; forewing with the costal spots
connected, band-like, including 2 or 3 red dots, hindmarginal spot likewise frequently filled in with red, between these spots a blackish discal shadow; marginal band moderately wide, interrupted by narrow white marginal spots; submarginal macular band deeply incised. Hindwing with large, red, white-centred ocelli,1 or 2 anal spots, mostly also filled in with red, and with a submarginal row of 4 or 5 black spots partly filled in with blue. Female more sharply marked, the costal spots of forewing connected with the hindmarginal one by denser black shading, the submarginal spots of hindwing larger, brighter. Apart from these characters the general aspect very similar to that of ''Parnassius eversmanni''. Ta-tsien-lu, Western China. — In the female of the smaller form ''groumi'' Oberth. from Amdo (Kuku-nor) the red is usually absent from the spots of the forewing, the spots themselves being very strongly marked, the black discal shadow stronger, groundcolour of wings purer, submarginal band of forewing separated into spots and abbreviated, ocelli of hindwing bright red, anal spot black.〔Stichel in Seitz, 1906 (Parnassius). ''Die Groß-Schmetterlinge der Erde''. Die Groß-Schmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes. Die palaearktischen Tagfalter, Stuttgart.〕

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